Mosquito

📈 Viral Persistence Across Generations: The Vertical Transmission Model for Dengue 🦟🐍

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🧭 Conceptual Overview In arbovirology, the Vertical Transmission Model is a specialized mechanistic framework used to explain how dengue virus can persist during periods of low human case incidence, including inter-epidemic troughs and seasonal off-seasons. The central biological mechanism is transovarial (vertical) transmission, whereby infected female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes pass the virus to a fraction … Read more

📈 Modeling Breakthrough Infections: The Vaccine Leaky SEIRV Framework 💉🦟────────────────────────────────────

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🧠 Conceptual Overview In the strategic planning of dengue control, the Vaccine Leaky SEIRV model is a core mechanistic framework for evaluating immunization strategies when vaccines provide partial, rather than sterilizing, protection. In this setting, vaccinated individuals remain within the transmission network but experience a reduced probability of infection upon exposure. By explicitly combining this … Read more

📈 Waning Immunity and Climate Forcing: The SVIRS Model for Dengue 💉🦟

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──────────────────────────────────────── 🧠 Conceptual Overview In advanced arboviral modeling, the SVIRS (Susceptible–Vaccinated–Infectious–Recovered–Susceptible) model is a critical mechanistic framework for diseases where immunity is temporary rather than lifelong. This structure is particularly appropriate for Dengue, where both vaccine-induced protection and natural immunity may wane over time. By explicitly representing vaccination, breakthrough infections, and immunity loss, and by … Read more

📈 SIS-with-Treatment Model for Dengue with Thermal Vector Bionomics

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──────────────────────────────────────── 🧠 Conceptual OverviewThis model describes short-term dengue transmission dynamics in an urban setting under the following assumptions and mechanisms: • SIS infection structure: Infection does not confer lasting immunity over the modeled horizon (weeks to months), which can be justified within a single serotype and short time windows.• Clinical treatment effect: Treatment accelerates viraemia … Read more

🦟 Targeting the Hotspots: A Structured Host–Vector Model for Dengue Superspreading

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──────────────────────────────────────── 🧠 CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEWClassical SIR models assume homogeneous mixing, which fails to capture the focal nature of dengue transmission. Empirical evidence indicates that a small fraction of locations or human subpopulations (“hotspots”) can drive a large fraction of transmission through elevated human–mosquito contact. This framework integrates (i) structured heterogeneity, (ii) temperature-dependent vector bionomics, and (iii) … Read more

📈 The Mosaic of Immunity: The SIR Model with Partial Immunity for Dengue

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──────────────────────────────────────── 🧠 CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEWDengue virus exists as four antigenically distinct serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4). Infection with one serotype confers lifelong homotypic immunity but only temporary cross-protection against heterologous serotypes. After cross-immunity wanes (typically within 6–18 months), individuals become susceptible to secondary infection, often with increased risk of severe disease due to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). This … Read more

📈 Immunological Barriers: The Temperature-Dependent Vector–Host Model with Imperfect Vaccination for Dengue

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──────────────────────────────────────── 🧠 CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEWDengue virus transmission is shaped by complex interactions among human immunity, vector ecology, and climate. This revised model integrates:• Imperfect mass vaccination with leaky efficacy• Temperature-dependent mosquito life-history traits, including biting, recruitment, mortality, and extrinsic incubation• Continuous virus importation via infected travelers• Explicit vector latency to represent EIP dynamics The framework enables … Read more

🦟 Breaking the Cycle: The SIR with Isolation Model for Dengue

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──────────────────────────────────────── 🧠 CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEWIn modeling vector-borne diseases like dengue, public health interventions that reduce human–mosquito contact—such as clinical isolation—can significantly disrupt transmission. The SIR with Isolation model extends the classic host–vector framework to explicitly represent the removal of viraemic individuals from the mosquito biting pool. This enables quantitative assessment of how rapid case isolation can … Read more

🦟 SIR–SEI Vector–Host Model with Contact Tracing for Dengue

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Precision Interruption Under Thermal Forcing and Virus Importation ──────────────────────────────────────── 🧠 CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEWThis model evaluates dengue transmission dynamics in settings where imported cases seed local outbreaks, and public health surveillance triggers focal vector control upon case detection. Unlike directly transmitted diseases, “contact tracing” in dengue does not interrupt human-to-human spread (which does not occur). Instead, it … Read more

📈 The Macdonald Malaria Model: Decoding the Vector–Host Feedback Loop 🦟

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🧭 Conceptual Overview The Macdonald malaria model is a foundational mathematical framework for understanding transmission dynamics in vector-borne diseases. It formalizes the feedback loop between human hosts and mosquito vectors, capturing how infection is sustained through repeated biting events. This model underpins modern definitions of the basic reproduction number in vector-borne systems and provides direct … Read more